Intent on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, San Francisco officials this week approved an aggressive expansion of the city’s recycling program, requiring all residents and businesses to separate recyclable materials and food waste from garbage that winds up in landfills. Every home and commercial operation will now be required to sort its refuse into three different bins—blue for recycling, green for compost, and black for trash—or else face fines by the city. Residents could be hit with $100 penalties, and businesses up to $500, for not placing refuse in the correct bin. City officials insist the fines will only come as a last resort after numerous warnings are issued first.